friend



(No Model.) 2 Shee'ts sheet 1.

V S. FRIEND. MACHINE FOR SEPARATING GRAVEL PROM GLAY. No. 409,186. Patented Aug 20, 1889.

F i 9 I INVENTOR SAMUEL. FRJEND,

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

S. FRIEND. MACHINE FOR SEPARATING GRAVEL PROM CLAY. No. 409,186.

Patented Aug 20, 1889.

INVENTOFL SAMUELFRLEND UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL FRIEND, OF DECATUR, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO \VILLIAM B. CHAMBERS, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR SEPARATING GRAVEL FROM CLAY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 409,186, dated August 20, 1889.

Application filed December '7, 1888. Serial No. 292,870. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL FRIEND, of the city of Decatur, county of Macon, and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Machine for Separating Gravel from Clay, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is designed to separate gravel an d other hard substances from clay in a plastic condition; and it consists in the details of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my machine, showing the gearing thereof. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the machine on a line near its transverse center. Fig. 3 shows the operative parts of the machine in perspective, the gearing and sup ports being omitted to give an unobstructed View; and Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 show details the pertinenceof which will hereinafter appear.

The roll a is made of an unyielding substance, and it is preferably grooved around its circumference in parallel lines. I11 Fig. 5 a face view of the roll is given, on which the grooves are faintly indicated. In Fig. 7 a fragment of the roll on an enlarged scale enables the grooves to be clearly seen, and they are here identified with reference-letter a.

The roll I) is closely opposed to roll a and its outer surface is made of a yielding substance, as caoutchouc or india-rubber, sufficiently rigid to press the clay firmly against roll a. The bearings of the shaft of roll bare preferably made yielding, as indicated in Fig. 4 and as will be hereinafterset forth. Rotary frame 0 has beaters c, that in their rotation nearly approach roll a. The scraper d is set against roll a with its edge preferably presented in a direction nearly opposed to the direction of the rotation of the roll, and if the roll is grooved the scraper has teeth adapted to the grooves. In Fig. 6 a scraper is shown with teeth adapted to the grooves of the fragment of roll shown in Fig. 7.

The elements just specified comprise the essentials of the invention, and their operation is as follows: Clay in a plastic condition is supplied to the rolls from above. The rolls and the beater-frame are rotated in the direc tion indicated by their respective arrows in Fig. 3, the frame moving more rapidly than the rolls. The clay is pressed into a thin sheet, which adheres to roll a. The gravel, &c., depresses roll 11 at the immediate points of contact, and passes between the rolls embedded in the sheet of clay and projecting therefrom. The beaters approach the clay as nearly as possible without touching, and all matter projecting from the clay is struck and removed. As the pure clay comes in contact with the scraper it is also removed from the roll and the operation is completed. The groves in roll a enable the clay to adhere more closely to the roll, and also leave the clay in better condition for the subsequent process of molding. They must be small enough to exclude pieces of gravel, &c., large enough to be detrimental to the clay.

The yielding bearings of the shaft of roll I) are provided for emergencies only. In case a piece of gravel exceeding in size the yielding capacity of the roll is presented to the machine the bearings will yield to permit its passage; but under ordinary circumstances the rolls will be held to their work in a practically rigid manner and the gravel will effect a passage by depressing the surface of roll I).

The yielding bearings each comprises a frame 17, a bearing block 1), adapted to slide in the frame, a spring 13', a head q, and an adjusting-bolt q, that permits the regulation of the tension of the sprin Drive-pulley f is secured to an end of shaft to of roll a. Gear wheel. 9 and sprocketwheel h are secured to the opposite end of the same shaft. Gear-wheel z' is secured to the shaft bof roll I) and it meshes with wheel g. The teeth of the gear-Wheels are sufficiently long to permit yielding motion in the shaft bearings without disconnecting the wheels. Sprocket-wheel 7c is mounted on the shaft 0 of the rotary frame 0 0. Chain Z connects sprocket wheel. with sprocketwheel h.

It is desirable that the scraper may be adjustable with relation to roll a in order to compensate for wear.

sist of guides 1" 0", fixed bearings s, and setsorew t, acting on. the scraper through bear- Means to this end con-' ICQ ings s. The scraper maybe composed of the plate (I, secured to backing (Z.

The supporting-frame is indicated by reference-letterm. Brackets 01 support the bearings of shaft 0'. A chute 0 acts asa conveyer for the pure clay, and also forms a partition to divide the gravel from the clay. A hopper is shown at e in Figs. 1 and 2. In Fig. 2 the yielding substance of roll I) is shown mounted on cylinder 1)", which is secured to shaft 12. In Fig. 2 the heaters c" are shown bolted to lugs c', which are formed 011 heads 0.

By the use of my invention clay originally containing a large proportion of gravel may be readily shaped into articles of use, and be subsequently baked or burned without developing lime injuriously.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Paten t 1. A machine for separating gravel from clay, comprising a non-yielding roll, a yieldin g roll opposed to the non-yielding roll, beaters in proximity to the non-yielding roll, and a scraper adapted to the non-yielding roll, as set forth.

2. A machine for separating gravel from clay, comprising a non-yielding roll grooved parallelly' around its circumference, a yielding roll opposed to thenon-yielding roll, beaters in proximity to the non-yielding roll, and a scraper for the non-yielding roll having teeth adapted to the grooves, as set forth.

3. A machine for separating gravel from clay, comprising a non-yielding roll grooved parallelly around its circumference, a roll opposed to the non-yielding roll mounted in yielding bearings and having a yielding external surface, heaters in proximity to the non-yielding roll, and a scraper. for the nonyielding roll having teeth adapted to the grooves, as set forth.

4. A machine for separating gravel from clay, comprising rolls a and Z), the one nonyielding, the other yielding, hopper c above the rolls, beaters 0 under roll a, and scraper (Z presented to roll a, substantially as set forth.

5. A machine for separating gravel from clay, comprising shaft a", carrying roll a, drive-wheel f, gear-wheel g, and sprocketwhecl h, shaft Z), carrying roll I) and gearwheel e', the latter meshing with wheel g, shaft 0', carrying boaters c" and sprocket-Wheel 71;, chain Z, connecting sprocket-wheel 7c with sprocket-wheel h, hopper 8 above the rolls, and scraper (Z in contact with roll a, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I sign myname in the J. D. WALKER, L. P. GRAHAM. 

